support colons in SGR character attributes

Patch by Mikhail Kot <to@myrrc.dev>
With some modifications to behave more like xterm (see note below).

Example:

	printf '\033[48;2;255:0:0mtest\n'

https://invisible-island.net/xterm/ctlseqs/ctlseqs.html

Some notes:

"CSI Pm m  Character Attributes (SGR).
[...]
o   xterm allows either colons (standard) or semicolons
(legacy) to separate the subparameters (but after the
first colon, colons must be used).

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+config.h
+*.o
+st

FAQ

@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ you can manually run `tic -sx st.info`.
 
 ## I would like to have utmp and/or scroll functionality by default
 
-You can add the absolute patch of both programs in your config.h
-file. You only have to modify the value of utmp and scroll variables.
+You can add the absolute path of both programs in your config.h file. You only
+have to modify the value of utmp and scroll variables.
 
 
 ## Why doesn't the Del key work in some programs?
@@ -248,3 +248,6 @@ fonts:
 
 Please don't bother reporting this bug to st, but notify the upstream Xft
 developers about fixing this bug.
+
+As of 2022-09-05 this now seems to be finally fixed in libXft 2.3.5:
+https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxft/-/blob/libXft-2.3.5/NEWS

LICENSE

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 MIT/X Consortium License
 
-© 2014-2020 Hiltjo Posthuma <hiltjo at codemadness dot org>
+© 2014-2022 Hiltjo Posthuma <hiltjo at codemadness dot org>
 © 2018 Devin J. Pohly <djpohly at gmail dot com>
 © 2014-2017 Quentin Rameau <quinq at fifth dot space>
 © 2009-2012 Aurélien APTEL <aurelien dot aptel at gmail dot com>

Makefile

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 include config.mk
 
-SRC = st.c x.c
+SRC = st.c x.c hb.c
 OBJ = $(SRC:.c=.o)
 
 all: options st
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ config.h:
 	$(CC) $(STCFLAGS) -c $<
 
 st.o: config.h st.h win.h
-x.o: arg.h config.h st.h win.h
+x.o: arg.h config.h st.h win.h hb.h
+hb.o: st.h
 
 $(OBJ): config.h config.mk
 
@@ -49,9 +50,12 @@ install: st
 	chmod 644 $(DESTDIR)$(MANPREFIX)/man1/st.1
 	tic -sx st.info
 	@echo Please see the README file regarding the terminfo entry of st.
+	mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)$(APPPREFIX)
+	cp -f st.desktop $(DESTDIR)$(APPPREFIX)
 
 uninstall:
 	rm -f $(DESTDIR)$(PREFIX)/bin/st
+	rm -f $(DESTDIR)$(APPPREFIX)/st.desktop
 	rm -f $(DESTDIR)$(MANPREFIX)/man1/st.1
 
 .PHONY: all options clean dist install uninstall

config.def.h

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  *
  * font: see http://freedesktop.org/software/fontconfig/fontconfig-user.html
  */
-static char *font = "Liberation Mono:pixelsize=12:antialias=true:autohint=true";
+static char *font = "Fira Code:pixelsize=14:antialias=true:autohint=true";
 static int borderpx = 2;
 
 /*
@@ -93,45 +93,60 @@ char *termname = "st-256color";
  */
 unsigned int tabspaces = 8;
 
+/* bg opacity */
+float alpha = 0.8;
+
 /* Terminal colors (16 first used in escape sequence) */
 static const char *colorname[] = {
     /* 8 normal colors */
-	"black",
-	"red3",
-	"green3",
-	"yellow3",
-	"blue2",
-	"magenta3",
-	"cyan3",
-	"gray90",
+    [0] = "#000000", /* black   */
+    [1] = "#ff5555", /* red     */
+    [2] = "#50fa7b", /* green   */
+    [3] = "#f1fa8c", /* yellow  */
+    [4] = "#bd93f9", /* blue    */
+    [5] = "#ff79c6", /* magenta */
+    [6] = "#8be9fd", /* cyan    */
+    [7] = "#bbbbbb", /* white   */
                                   
     /* 8 bright colors */
-	"gray50",
-	"red",
-	"green",
-	"yellow",
-	"#5c5cff",
-	"magenta",
-	"cyan",
-	"white",
+    [8]  = "#44475a", /* black   */
+    [9]  = "#ff5555", /* red     */
+    [10] = "#50fa7b", /* green   */
+    [11] = "#f1fa8c", /* yellow  */
+    [12] = "#bd93f9", /* blue    */
+    [13] = "#ff79c6", /* magenta */
+    [14] = "#8be9fd", /* cyan    */
+    [15] = "#ffffff", /* white   */
                                    
-	[255] = 0,
+    /* special colors */
+    [256] = "#222222", /* background */
+    [257] = "#ffffff", /* foreground */
 
 	/* more colors can be added after 255 to use with DefaultXX */
 	"#cccccc",
 	"#555555",
+	"gray90", /* default foreground colour */
+	"black", /* default background colour */
 };
 
 
 /*
  * Default colors (colorname index)
- * foreground, background, cursor, reverse cursor
+ * foreground, background, cursor
  */
-unsigned int defaultfg = 7;
-unsigned int defaultbg = 0;
-static unsigned int defaultcs = 256;
+unsigned int defaultfg = 257;
+unsigned int defaultbg = 256;
+unsigned int defaultcs = 257;
 static unsigned int defaultrcs = 257;
 
+/*
+ * Colors used, when the specific fg == defaultfg. So in reverse mode this
+ * will reverse too. Another logic would only make the simple feature too
+ * complex.
+ */
+unsigned int defaultitalic = 7;
+unsigned int defaultunderline = 7;
+
 /*
  * Default shape of cursor
  * 2: Block ("█")
@@ -168,12 +183,50 @@ static unsigned int defaultattr = 11;
  */
 static uint forcemousemod = ShiftMask;
 
+/*
+ * Xresources preferences to load at startup
+ */
+ResourcePref resources[] = {
+		{ "font",         STRING,  &font },
+		{ "color0",       STRING,  &colorname[0] },
+		{ "color1",       STRING,  &colorname[1] },
+		{ "color2",       STRING,  &colorname[2] },
+		{ "color3",       STRING,  &colorname[3] },
+		{ "color4",       STRING,  &colorname[4] },
+		{ "color5",       STRING,  &colorname[5] },
+		{ "color6",       STRING,  &colorname[6] },
+		{ "color7",       STRING,  &colorname[7] },
+		{ "color8",       STRING,  &colorname[8] },
+		{ "color9",       STRING,  &colorname[9] },
+		{ "color10",      STRING,  &colorname[10] },
+		{ "color11",      STRING,  &colorname[11] },
+		{ "color12",      STRING,  &colorname[12] },
+		{ "color13",      STRING,  &colorname[13] },
+		{ "color14",      STRING,  &colorname[14] },
+		{ "color15",      STRING,  &colorname[15] },
+		{ "background",   STRING,  &colorname[256] },
+		{ "foreground",   STRING,  &colorname[257] },
+		{ "cursorColor",  STRING,  &colorname[258] },
+		{ "termname",     STRING,  &termname },
+		{ "shell",        STRING,  &shell },
+		{ "minlatency",   INTEGER, &minlatency },
+		{ "maxlatency",   INTEGER, &maxlatency },
+		{ "blinktimeout", INTEGER, &blinktimeout },
+		{ "bellvolume",   INTEGER, &bellvolume },
+		{ "tabspaces",    INTEGER, &tabspaces },
+		{ "borderpx",     INTEGER, &borderpx },
+		{ "cwscale",      FLOAT,   &cwscale },
+		{ "chscale",      FLOAT,   &chscale },
+};
+
 /*
  * Internal mouse shortcuts.
  * Beware that overloading Button1 will disable the selection.
  */
 static MouseShortcut mshortcuts[] = {
 	/* mask                 button   function        argument       release */
+	{ ShiftMask,            Button4, kscrollup,      {.i = 1} },
+	{ ShiftMask,            Button5, kscrolldown,    {.i = 1} },
 	{ XK_ANY_MOD,           Button2, selpaste,       {.i = 0},      1 },
 	{ ShiftMask,            Button4, ttysend,        {.s = "\033[5;2~"} },
 	{ XK_ANY_MOD,           Button4, ttysend,        {.s = "\031"} },
@@ -199,6 +252,10 @@ static Shortcut shortcuts[] = {
 	{ TERMMOD,              XK_Y,           selpaste,       {.i =  0} },
 	{ ShiftMask,            XK_Insert,      selpaste,       {.i =  0} },
 	{ TERMMOD,              XK_Num_Lock,    numlock,        {.i =  0} },
+	{ MODKEY,               XK_l,           copyurl,        {.i =  0} },
+	{ ShiftMask,            XK_Page_Up,     kscrollup,      {.i = -1} },
+	{ ShiftMask,            XK_Page_Down,   kscrolldown,    {.i = -1} },
+	{ TERMMOD,              XK_Escape,      keyboard_select,{.i =  0} },
 };
 
 /*

config.mk

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 # st version
-VERSION = 0.8.4
+VERSION = 0.9
 
 # Customize below to fit your system
 
 # paths
 PREFIX = /usr/local
+APPPREFIX = $(PREFIX)/share/applications
 MANPREFIX = $(PREFIX)/share/man
 
 X11INC = /usr/X11R6/include
@@ -15,10 +16,12 @@ PKG_CONFIG = pkg-config
 # includes and libs
 INCS = -I$(X11INC) \
        `$(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags fontconfig` \
-       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags freetype2`
-LIBS = -L$(X11LIB) -lm -lrt -lX11 -lutil -lXft \
+       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags freetype2` \
+       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags harfbuzz`
+LIBS = -L$(X11LIB) -lm -lrt -lX11 -lutil -lXft -lXrender \
        `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs fontconfig` \
-       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs freetype2`
+       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs freetype2` \
+       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs harfbuzz`
 
 # flags
 STCPPFLAGS = -DVERSION=\"$(VERSION)\" -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=600
@@ -30,6 +33,7 @@ STLDFLAGS = $(LIBS) $(LDFLAGS)
 #LIBS = -L$(X11LIB) -lm -lX11 -lutil -lXft \
 #       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs fontconfig` \
 #       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs freetype2`
+#MANPREFIX = ${PREFIX}/man
 
 # compiler and linker
 # CC = c99

hb.c

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
+#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
+#include <hb.h>
+#include <hb-ft.h>
+
+#include "st.h"
+#include "hb.h"
+
+#define FEATURE(c1,c2,c3,c4) { .tag = HB_TAG(c1,c2,c3,c4), .value = 1, .start = HB_FEATURE_GLOBAL_START, .end = HB_FEATURE_GLOBAL_END }
+#define BUFFER_STEP 256
+
+hb_font_t *hbfindfont(XftFont *match);
+
+typedef struct {
+	XftFont *match;
+	hb_font_t *font;
+} HbFontMatch;
+
+typedef struct {
+	size_t capacity;
+	HbFontMatch *fonts;
+} HbFontCache;
+
+static HbFontCache hbfontcache = { 0, NULL };
+
+typedef struct {
+	size_t capacity;
+	Rune *runes;
+} RuneBuffer;
+
+static RuneBuffer hbrunebuffer = { 0, NULL };
+
+/*
+ * Poplulate the array with a list of font features, wrapped in FEATURE macro,
+ * e. g.
+ * FEATURE('c', 'a', 'l', 't'), FEATURE('d', 'l', 'i', 'g')
+ */
+hb_feature_t features[] = { };
+
+void
+hbunloadfonts()
+{
+	for (int i = 0; i < hbfontcache.capacity; i++) {
+		hb_font_destroy(hbfontcache.fonts[i].font);
+		XftUnlockFace(hbfontcache.fonts[i].match);
+	}
+
+	if (hbfontcache.fonts != NULL) {
+		free(hbfontcache.fonts);
+		hbfontcache.fonts = NULL;
+	}
+	hbfontcache.capacity = 0;
+}
+
+hb_font_t *
+hbfindfont(XftFont *match)
+{
+	for (int i = 0; i < hbfontcache.capacity; i++) {
+		if (hbfontcache.fonts[i].match == match)
+			return hbfontcache.fonts[i].font;
+	}
+
+	/* Font not found in cache, caching it now. */
+	hbfontcache.fonts = realloc(hbfontcache.fonts, sizeof(HbFontMatch) * (hbfontcache.capacity + 1));
+	FT_Face face = XftLockFace(match);
+	hb_font_t *font = hb_ft_font_create(face, NULL);
+	if (font == NULL)
+		die("Failed to load Harfbuzz font.");
+
+	hbfontcache.fonts[hbfontcache.capacity].match = match;
+	hbfontcache.fonts[hbfontcache.capacity].font = font;
+	hbfontcache.capacity += 1;
+
+	return font;
+}
+
+void hbtransform(HbTransformData *data, XftFont *xfont, const Glyph *glyphs, int start, int length) {
+	ushort mode = USHRT_MAX;
+	unsigned int glyph_count;
+	int rune_idx, glyph_idx, end = start + length;
+
+	hb_font_t *font = hbfindfont(xfont);
+	if (font == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	hb_buffer_t *buffer = hb_buffer_create();
+	hb_buffer_set_direction(buffer, HB_DIRECTION_LTR);
+
+	/* Resize the buffer if required length is larger. */
+	if (hbrunebuffer.capacity < length) {
+		hbrunebuffer.capacity = (length / BUFFER_STEP + 1) * BUFFER_STEP;
+		hbrunebuffer.runes = realloc(hbrunebuffer.runes, hbrunebuffer.capacity * sizeof(Rune));
+	}
+
+	/* Fill buffer with codepoints. */
+	for (rune_idx = 0, glyph_idx = start; glyph_idx < end; glyph_idx++, rune_idx++) {
+		hbrunebuffer.runes[rune_idx] = glyphs[glyph_idx].u;
+		mode = glyphs[glyph_idx].mode;
+		if (mode & ATTR_WDUMMY)
+			hbrunebuffer.runes[rune_idx] = 0x0020;
+	}
+	hb_buffer_add_codepoints(buffer, hbrunebuffer.runes, length, 0, length);
+
+	/* Shape the segment. */
+	hb_shape(font, buffer, features, sizeof(features)/sizeof(hb_feature_t));
+
+	/* Get new glyph info. */
+	hb_glyph_info_t *info = hb_buffer_get_glyph_infos(buffer, &glyph_count);
+	hb_glyph_position_t *pos = hb_buffer_get_glyph_positions(buffer, &glyph_count);
+
+	/* Fill the output. */
+	data->buffer = buffer;
+	data->glyphs = info;
+	data->positions = pos;
+	data->count = glyph_count;
+}
+
+void hbcleanup(HbTransformData *data) {
+	hb_buffer_destroy(data->buffer);
+	memset(data, 0, sizeof(HbTransformData));
+}

hb.h

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
+#include <hb.h>
+#include <hb-ft.h>
+
+typedef struct {
+  hb_buffer_t *buffer;
+  hb_glyph_info_t *glyphs;
+  hb_glyph_position_t *positions;
+  unsigned int count;
+} HbTransformData;
+
+void hbunloadfonts();
+void hbtransform(HbTransformData *, XftFont *, const Glyph *, int, int);
+void hbcleanup(HbTransformData *);

st.c

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 #include <termios.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <wchar.h>
+#include <X11/keysym.h>
+#include <X11/X.h>
 
 #include "st.h"
 #include "win.h"
@@ -35,6 +37,7 @@
 #define ESC_ARG_SIZ   16
 #define STR_BUF_SIZ   ESC_BUF_SIZ
 #define STR_ARG_SIZ   ESC_ARG_SIZ
+#define HISTSIZE      2000
 
 /* macros */
 #define IS_SET(flag)		((term.mode & (flag)) != 0)
@@ -42,6 +45,9 @@
 #define ISCONTROLC1(c)		(BETWEEN(c, 0x80, 0x9f))
 #define ISCONTROL(c)		(ISCONTROLC0(c) || ISCONTROLC1(c))
 #define ISDELIM(u)		(u && wcschr(worddelimiters, u))
+#define TLINE(y)		((y) < term.scr ? term.hist[((y) + term.histi - \
+				term.scr + HISTSIZE + 1) % HISTSIZE] : \
+				term.line[(y) - term.scr])
 
 enum term_mode {
 	MODE_WRAP        = 1 << 0,
@@ -115,6 +121,9 @@ typedef struct {
 	int col;      /* nb col */
 	Line *line;   /* screen */
 	Line *alt;    /* alternate screen */
+	Line hist[HISTSIZE]; /* history buffer */
+	int histi;    /* history index */
+	int scr;      /* scroll back */
 	int *dirty;   /* dirtyness of lines */
 	TCursor c;    /* cursor */
 	int ocx;      /* old cursor col */
@@ -152,6 +161,11 @@ typedef struct {
 	int narg;              /* nb of args */
 } STREscape;
 
+typedef struct {
+	int state;
+	size_t length;
+} URLdfa;
+
 static void execsh(char *, char **);
 static void stty(char **);
 static void sigchld(int);
@@ -161,6 +175,7 @@ static void csidump(void);
 static void csihandle(void);
 static void csiparse(void);
 static void csireset(void);
+static void osc_color_response(int, int, int);
 static int eschandle(uchar);
 static void strdump(void);
 static void strhandle(void);
@@ -184,22 +199,23 @@ static void tnewline(int);
 static void tputtab(int);
 static void tputc(Rune);
 static void treset(void);
-static void tscrollup(int, int);
-static void tscrolldown(int, int);
-static void tsetattr(int *, int);
-static void tsetchar(Rune, Glyph *, int, int);
+static void tscrollup(int, int, int);
+static void tscrolldown(int, int, int);
+static void tsetattr(const int *, int);
+static void tsetchar(Rune, const Glyph *, int, int);
 static void tsetdirt(int, int);
 static void tsetscroll(int, int);
 static void tswapscreen(void);
-static void tsetmode(int, int, int *, int);
+static void tsetmode(int, int, const int *, int);
 static int twrite(const char *, int, int);
 static void tfulldirt(void);
 static void tcontrolcode(uchar );
 static void tdectest(char );
 static void tdefutf8(char);
-static int32_t tdefcolor(int *, int *, int);
+static int32_t tdefcolor(const int *, int *, int);
 static void tdeftran(char);
 static void tstrsequence(uchar);
+static int daddch(URLdfa *, char);
 
 static void drawregion(int, int, int, int);
 
@@ -226,10 +242,10 @@ static int iofd = 1;
 static int cmdfd;
 static pid_t pid;
 
-static uchar utfbyte[UTF_SIZ + 1] = {0x80,    0, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0xF0};
-static uchar utfmask[UTF_SIZ + 1] = {0xC0, 0x80, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8};
-static Rune utfmin[UTF_SIZ + 1] = {       0,    0,  0x80,  0x800,  0x10000};
-static Rune utfmax[UTF_SIZ + 1] = {0x10FFFF, 0x7F, 0x7FF, 0xFFFF, 0x10FFFF};
+static const uchar utfbyte[UTF_SIZ + 1] = {0x80,    0, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0xF0};
+static const uchar utfmask[UTF_SIZ + 1] = {0xC0, 0x80, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8};
+static const Rune utfmin[UTF_SIZ + 1] = {       0,    0,  0x80,  0x800,  0x10000};
+static const Rune utfmax[UTF_SIZ + 1] = {0x10FFFF, 0x7F, 0x7FF, 0xFFFF, 0x10FFFF};
 
 ssize_t
 xwrite(int fd, const char *s, size_t len)
@@ -269,12 +285,14 @@ xrealloc(void *p, size_t len)
 }
 
 char *
-xstrdup(char *s)
+xstrdup(const char *s)
 {
-	if ((s = strdup(s)) == NULL)
+	char *p;
+
+	if ((p = strdup(s)) == NULL)
 		die("strdup: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 
-	return s;
+	return p;
 }
 
 size_t
@@ -347,25 +365,10 @@ utf8validate(Rune *u, size_t i)
 	return i;
 }
 
-static const char base64_digits[] = {
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 62, 0, 0, 0,
-	63, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
-	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21,
-	22, 23, 24, 25, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34,
-	35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
-};
-
 char
 base64dec_getc(const char **src)
 {
-	while (**src && !isprint(**src))
+	while (**src && !isprint((unsigned char)**src))
 		(*src)++;
 	return **src ? *((*src)++) : '=';  /* emulate padding if string ends */
 }
@@ -375,6 +378,13 @@ base64dec(const char *src)
 {
 	size_t in_len = strlen(src);
 	char *result, *dst;
+	static const char base64_digits[256] = {
+		[43] = 62, 0, 0, 0, 63, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61,
+		0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,
+		13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+		0, 0, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39,
+		40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51
+	};
 
 	if (in_len % 4)
 		in_len += 4 - (in_len % 4);
@@ -414,10 +424,10 @@ tlinelen(int y)
 {
 	int i = term.col;
 
-	if (term.line[y][i - 1].mode & ATTR_WRAP)
+	if (TLINE(y)[i - 1].mode & ATTR_WRAP)
 		return i;
 
-	while (i > 0 && term.line[y][i - 1].u == ' ')
+	while (i > 0 && TLINE(y)[i - 1].u == ' ')
 		--i;
 
 	return i;
@@ -518,7 +528,7 @@ selsnap(int *x, int *y, int direction)
 {
 	int newx, newy, xt, yt;
 	int delim, prevdelim;
-	Glyph *gp, *prevgp;
+	const Glyph *gp, *prevgp;
 
 	switch (sel.snap) {
 	case SNAP_WORD:
@@ -526,7 +536,7 @@ selsnap(int *x, int *y, int direction)
 		 * Snap around if the word wraps around at the end or
 		 * beginning of a line.
 		 */
-		prevgp = &term.line[*y][*x];
+		prevgp = &TLINE(*y)[*x];
 		prevdelim = ISDELIM(prevgp->u);
 		for (;;) {
 			newx = *x + direction;
@@ -541,14 +551,14 @@ selsnap(int *x, int *y, int direction)
 					yt = *y, xt = *x;
 				else
 					yt = newy, xt = newx;
-				if (!(term.line[yt][xt].mode & ATTR_WRAP))
+				if (!(TLINE(yt)[xt].mode & ATTR_WRAP))
 					break;
 			}
 
 			if (newx >= tlinelen(newy))
 				break;
 
-			gp = &term.line[newy][newx];
+			gp = &TLINE(newy)[newx];
 			delim = ISDELIM(gp->u);
 			if (!(gp->mode & ATTR_WDUMMY) && (delim != prevdelim
 					|| (delim && gp->u != prevgp->u)))
@@ -569,14 +579,14 @@ selsnap(int *x, int *y, int direction)
 		*x = (direction < 0) ? 0 : term.col - 1;
 		if (direction < 0) {
 			for (; *y > 0; *y += direction) {
-				if (!(term.line[*y-1][term.col-1].mode
+				if (!(TLINE(*y-1)[term.col-1].mode
 						& ATTR_WRAP)) {
 					break;
 				}
 			}
 		} else if (direction > 0) {
 			for (; *y < term.row-1; *y += direction) {
-				if (!(term.line[*y][term.col-1].mode
+				if (!(TLINE(*y)[term.col-1].mode
 						& ATTR_WRAP)) {
 					break;
 				}
@@ -591,7 +601,7 @@ getsel(void)
 {
 	char *str, *ptr;
 	int y, bufsize, lastx, linelen;
-	Glyph *gp, *last;
+	const Glyph *gp, *last;
 
 	if (sel.ob.x == -1)
 		return NULL;
@@ -607,13 +617,13 @@ getsel(void)
 		}
 
 		if (sel.type == SEL_RECTANGULAR) {
-			gp = &term.line[y][sel.nb.x];
+			gp = &TLINE(y)[sel.nb.x];
 			lastx = sel.ne.x;
 		} else {
-			gp = &term.line[y][sel.nb.y == y ? sel.nb.x : 0];
+			gp = &TLINE(y)[sel.nb.y == y ? sel.nb.x : 0];
 			lastx = (sel.ne.y == y) ? sel.ne.x : term.col-1;
 		}
-		last = &term.line[y][MIN(lastx, linelen-1)];
+		last = &TLINE(y)[MIN(lastx, linelen-1)];
 		while (last >= gp && last->u == ' ')
 			--last;
 
@@ -758,7 +768,7 @@ stty(char **args)
 }
 
 int
-ttynew(char *line, char *cmd, char *out, char **args)
+ttynew(const char *line, char *cmd, const char *out, char **args)
 {
 	int m, s;
 
@@ -791,14 +801,15 @@ ttynew(char *line, char *cmd, char *out, char **args)
 		break;
 	case 0:
 		close(iofd);
+		close(m);
 		setsid(); /* create a new process group */
 		dup2(s, 0);
 		dup2(s, 1);
 		dup2(s, 2);
 		if (ioctl(s, TIOCSCTTY, NULL) < 0)
 			die("ioctl TIOCSCTTY failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+		if (s > 2)
 			close(s);
-		close(m);
 #ifdef __OpenBSD__
 		if (pledge("stdio getpw proc exec", NULL) == -1)
 			die("pledge\n");
@@ -848,6 +859,9 @@ void
 ttywrite(const char *s, size_t n, int may_echo)
 {
 	const char *next;
+	Arg arg = (Arg) { .i = term.scr };
+
+	kscrolldown(&arg);
 
 	if (may_echo && IS_SET(MODE_ECHO))
 		twrite(s, n, 1);
@@ -943,7 +957,7 @@ ttyresize(int tw, int th)
 }
 
 void
-ttyhangup()
+ttyhangup(void)
 {
 	/* Send SIGHUP to shell */
 	kill(pid, SIGHUP);
@@ -1059,12 +1073,52 @@ tswapscreen(void)
 }
 
 void
-tscrolldown(int orig, int n)
+kscrolldown(const Arg* a)
+{
+	int n = a->i;
+
+	if (n < 0)
+		n = term.row + n;
+
+	if (n > term.scr)
+		n = term.scr;
+
+	if (term.scr > 0) {
+		term.scr -= n;
+		selscroll(0, -n);
+		tfulldirt();
+	}
+}
+
+void
+kscrollup(const Arg* a)
+{
+	int n = a->i;
+
+	if (n < 0)
+		n = term.row + n;
+
+	if (term.scr <= HISTSIZE-n) {
+		term.scr += n;
+		selscroll(0, n);
+		tfulldirt();
+	}
+}
+
+void
+tscrolldown(int orig, int n, int copyhist)
 {
 	int i;
 	Line temp;
 
 	LIMIT(n, 0, term.bot-orig+1);
+	if (copyhist) {
+		term.histi = (term.histi - 1 + HISTSIZE) % HISTSIZE;
+		temp = term.hist[term.histi];
+		term.hist[term.histi] = term.line[term.bot];
+		term.line[term.bot] = temp;
+	}
+
 
 	tsetdirt(orig, term.bot-n);
 	tclearregion(0, term.bot-n+1, term.col-1, term.bot);
@@ -1075,17 +1129,28 @@ tscrolldown(int orig, int n)
 		term.line[i-n] = temp;
 	}
 
+	if (term.scr == 0)
 		selscroll(orig, n);
 }
 
 void
-tscrollup(int orig, int n)
+tscrollup(int orig, int n, int copyhist)
 {
 	int i;
 	Line temp;
 
 	LIMIT(n, 0, term.bot-orig+1);
 
+	if (copyhist) {
+		term.histi = (term.histi + 1) % HISTSIZE;
+		temp = term.hist[term.histi];
+		term.hist[term.histi] = term.line[orig];
+		term.line[orig] = temp;
+	}
+
+	if (term.scr > 0 && term.scr < HISTSIZE)
+		term.scr = MIN(term.scr + n, HISTSIZE-1);
+
 	tclearregion(0, orig, term.col-1, orig+n-1);
 	tsetdirt(orig+n, term.bot);
 
@@ -1095,6 +1160,7 @@ tscrollup(int orig, int n)
 		term.line[i+n] = temp;
 	}
 
+	if (term.scr == 0)
 		selscroll(orig, -n);
 }
 
@@ -1124,7 +1190,7 @@ tnewline(int first_col)
 	int y = term.c.y;
 
 	if (y == term.bot) {
-		tscrollup(term.top, 1);
+		tscrollup(term.top, 1, 1);
 	} else {
 		y++;
 	}
@@ -1136,6 +1202,7 @@ csiparse(void)
 {
 	char *p = csiescseq.buf, *np;
 	long int v;
+	int sep = ';'; /* colon or semi-colon, but not both */
 
 	csiescseq.narg = 0;
 	if (*p == '?') {
@@ -1153,7 +1220,9 @@ csiparse(void)
 			v = -1;
 		csiescseq.arg[csiescseq.narg++] = v;
 		p = np;
-		if (*p != ';' || csiescseq.narg == ESC_ARG_SIZ)
+		if (sep == ';' && *p == ':')
+			sep = ':'; /* allow override to colon once */
+		if (*p != sep || csiescseq.narg == ESC_ARG_SIZ)
 			break;
 		p++;
 	}
@@ -1186,9 +1255,9 @@ tmoveto(int x, int y)
 }
 
 void
-tsetchar(Rune u, Glyph *attr, int x, int y)
+tsetchar(Rune u, const Glyph *attr, int x, int y)
 {
-	static char *vt100_0[62] = { /* 0x41 - 0x7e */
+	static const char *vt100_0[62] = { /* 0x41 - 0x7e */
 		"↑", "↓", "→", "←", "█", "▚", "☃", /* A - G */
 		0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* H - O */
 		0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* P - W */
@@ -1289,18 +1358,18 @@ void
 tinsertblankline(int n)
 {
 	if (BETWEEN(term.c.y, term.top, term.bot))
-		tscrolldown(term.c.y, n);
+		tscrolldown(term.c.y, n, 0);
 }
 
 void
 tdeleteline(int n)
 {
 	if (BETWEEN(term.c.y, term.top, term.bot))
-		tscrollup(term.c.y, n);
+		tscrollup(term.c.y, n, 0);
 }
 
 int32_t
-tdefcolor(int *attr, int *npar, int l)
+tdefcolor(const int *attr, int *npar, int l)
 {
 	int32_t idx = -1;
 	uint r, g, b;
@@ -1350,7 +1419,7 @@ tdefcolor(int *attr, int *npar, int l)
 }
 
 void
-tsetattr(int *attr, int l)
+tsetattr(const int *attr, int l)
 {
 	int i;
 	int32_t idx;
@@ -1468,9 +1537,9 @@ tsetscroll(int t, int b)
 }
 
 void
-tsetmode(int priv, int set, int *args, int narg)
+tsetmode(int priv, int set, const int *args, int narg)
 {
-	int alt, *lim;
+	int alt; const int *lim;
 
 	for (lim = args + narg; args < lim; ++args) {
 		if (priv) {
@@ -1733,11 +1802,11 @@ csihandle(void)
 		break;
 	case 'S': /* SU -- Scroll <n> line up */
 		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tscrollup(term.top, csiescseq.arg[0]);
+		tscrollup(term.top, csiescseq.arg[0], 0);
 		break;
 	case 'T': /* SD -- Scroll <n> line down */
 		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
-		tscrolldown(term.top, csiescseq.arg[0]);
+		tscrolldown(term.top, csiescseq.arg[0], 0);
 		break;
 	case 'L': /* IL -- Insert <n> blank lines */
 		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
@@ -1773,11 +1842,18 @@ csihandle(void)
 	case 'm': /* SGR -- Terminal attribute (color) */
 		tsetattr(csiescseq.arg, csiescseq.narg);
 		break;
-	case 'n': /* DSR – Device Status Report (cursor position) */
-		if (csiescseq.arg[0] == 6) {
+	case 'n': /* DSR -- Device Status Report */
+		switch (csiescseq.arg[0]) {
+		case 5: /* Status Report "OK" `0n` */
+			ttywrite("\033[0n", sizeof("\033[0n") - 1, 0);
+			break;
+		case 6: /* Report Cursor Position (CPR) "<row>;<column>R" */
 			len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "\033[%i;%iR",
 			               term.c.y+1, term.c.x+1);
 			ttywrite(buf, len, 0);
+			break;
+		default:
+			goto unknown;
 		}
 		break;
 	case 'r': /* DECSTBM -- Set Scrolling Region */
@@ -1839,11 +1915,41 @@ csireset(void)
 	memset(&csiescseq, 0, sizeof(csiescseq));
 }
 
+void
+osc_color_response(int num, int index, int is_osc4)
+{
+	int n;
+	char buf[32];
+	unsigned char r, g, b;
+
+	if (xgetcolor(is_osc4 ? num : index, &r, &g, &b)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "erresc: failed to fetch %s color %d\n",
+		        is_osc4 ? "osc4" : "osc",
+		        is_osc4 ? num : index);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	n = snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "\033]%s%d;rgb:%02x%02x/%02x%02x/%02x%02x\007",
+	             is_osc4 ? "4;" : "", num, r, r, g, g, b, b);
+	if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(buf)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "error: %s while printing %s response\n",
+		        n < 0 ? "snprintf failed" : "truncation occurred",
+		        is_osc4 ? "osc4" : "osc");
+	} else {
+		ttywrite(buf, n, 1);
+	}
+}
+
 void
 strhandle(void)
 {
 	char *p = NULL, *dec;
 	int j, narg, par;
+	const struct { int idx; char *str; } osc_table[] = {
+		{ defaultfg, "foreground" },
+		{ defaultbg, "background" },
+		{ defaultcs, "cursor" }
+	};
 
 	term.esc &= ~(ESC_STR_END|ESC_STR);
 	strparse();
@@ -1853,7 +1959,15 @@ strhandle(void)
 	case ']': /* OSC -- Operating System Command */
 		switch (par) {
 		case 0:
+			if (narg > 1) {
+				xsettitle(strescseq.args[1]);
+				xseticontitle(strescseq.args[1]);
+			}
+			return;
 		case 1:
+			if (narg > 1)
+				xseticontitle(strescseq.args[1]);
+			return;
 		case 2:
 			if (narg > 1)
 				xsettitle(strescseq.args[1]);
@@ -1869,16 +1983,39 @@ strhandle(void)
 				}
 			}
 			return;
+		case 10:
+		case 11:
+		case 12:
+			if (narg < 2)
+				break;
+			p = strescseq.args[1];
+			if ((j = par - 10) < 0 || j >= LEN(osc_table))
+				break; /* shouldn't be possible */
+
+			if (!strcmp(p, "?")) {
+				osc_color_response(par, osc_table[j].idx, 0);
+			} else if (xsetcolorname(osc_table[j].idx, p)) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: invalid %s color: %s\n",
+				        osc_table[j].str, p);
+			} else {
+				tfulldirt();
+			}
+			return;
 		case 4: /* color set */
 			if (narg < 3)
 				break;
 			p = strescseq.args[2];
 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
-		case 104: /* color reset, here p = NULL */
+		case 104: /* color reset */
 			j = (narg > 1) ? atoi(strescseq.args[1]) : -1;
-			if (xsetcolorname(j, p)) {
-				if (par == 104 && narg <= 1)
+
+			if (p && !strcmp(p, "?")) {
+				osc_color_response(j, 0, 1);
+			} else if (xsetcolorname(j, p)) {
+				if (par == 104 && narg <= 1) {
+					xloadcols();
 					return; /* color reset without parameter */
+				}
 				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: invalid color j=%d, p=%s\n",
 				        j, p ? p : "(null)");
 			} else {
@@ -1886,7 +2023,7 @@ strhandle(void)
 				 * TODO if defaultbg color is changed, borders
 				 * are dirty
 				 */
-				redraw();
+				tfulldirt();
 			}
 			return;
 		}
@@ -2012,7 +2149,7 @@ void
 tdumpline(int n)
 {
 	char buf[UTF_SIZ];
-	Glyph *bp, *end;
+	const Glyph *bp, *end;
 
 	bp = &term.line[n][0];
 	end = &bp[MIN(tlinelen(n), term.col) - 1];
@@ -2241,7 +2378,7 @@ eschandle(uchar ascii)
 		return 0;
 	case 'D': /* IND -- Linefeed */
 		if (term.c.y == term.bot) {
-			tscrollup(term.top, 1);
+			tscrollup(term.top, 1, 1);
 		} else {
 			tmoveto(term.c.x, term.c.y+1);
 		}
@@ -2254,7 +2391,7 @@ eschandle(uchar ascii)
 		break;
 	case 'M': /* RI -- Reverse index */
 		if (term.c.y == term.top) {
-			tscrolldown(term.top, 1);
+			tscrolldown(term.top, 1, 1);
 		} else {
 			tmoveto(term.c.x, term.c.y-1);
 		}
@@ -2358,6 +2495,9 @@ check_control_code:
 	 * they must not cause conflicts with sequences.
 	 */
 	if (control) {
+		/* in UTF-8 mode ignore handling C1 control characters */
+		if (IS_SET(MODE_UTF8) && ISCONTROLC1(u))
+			return;
 		tcontrolcode(u);
 		/*
 		 * control codes are not shown ever
@@ -2418,6 +2558,10 @@ check_control_code:
 	if (width == 2) {
 		gp->mode |= ATTR_WIDE;
 		if (term.c.x+1 < term.col) {
+			if (gp[1].mode == ATTR_WIDE && term.c.x+2 < term.col) {
+				gp[2].u = ' ';
+				gp[2].mode &= ~ATTR_WDUMMY;
+			}
 			gp[1].u = '\0';
 			gp[1].mode = ATTR_WDUMMY;
 		}
@@ -2464,12 +2608,15 @@ twrite(const char *buf, int buflen, int show_ctrl)
 void
 tresize(int col, int row)
 {
-	int i;
+	int i, j;
 	int minrow = MIN(row, term.row);
 	int mincol = MIN(col, term.col);
 	int *bp;
 	TCursor c;
 
+	if ( row < term.row  || col < term.col )
+		toggle_winmode(trt_kbdselect(XK_Escape, NULL, 0));
+
 	if (col < 1 || row < 1) {
 		fprintf(stderr,
 		        "tresize: error resizing to %dx%d\n", col, row);
@@ -2501,6 +2648,14 @@ tresize(int col, int row)
 	term.dirty = xrealloc(term.dirty, row * sizeof(*term.dirty));
 	term.tabs = xrealloc(term.tabs, col * sizeof(*term.tabs));
 
+	for (i = 0; i < HISTSIZE; i++) {
+		term.hist[i] = xrealloc(term.hist[i], col * sizeof(Glyph));
+		for (j = mincol; j < col; j++) {
+			term.hist[i][j] = term.c.attr;
+			term.hist[i][j].u = ' ';
+		}
+	}
+
 	/* resize each row to new width, zero-pad if needed */
 	for (i = 0; i < minrow; i++) {
 		term.line[i] = xrealloc(term.line[i], col * sizeof(Glyph));
@@ -2559,7 +2714,7 @@ drawregion(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
 			continue;
 
 		term.dirty[y] = 0;
-		xdrawline(term.line[y], x1, y, x2);
+		xdrawline(TLINE(y), x1, y, x2);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2580,8 +2735,11 @@ draw(void)
 		cx--;
 
 	drawregion(0, 0, term.col, term.row);
+	if (term.scr == 0)
 		xdrawcursor(cx, term.c.y, term.line[term.c.y][cx],
-			term.ocx, term.ocy, term.line[term.ocy][term.ocx]);
+				term.ocx, term.ocy, term.line[term.ocy][term.ocx],
+				term.line[term.ocy], term.col);
+
 	term.ocx = cx;
 	term.ocy = term.c.y;
 	xfinishdraw();
@@ -2595,3 +2753,308 @@ redraw(void)
 	tfulldirt();
 	draw();
 }
+
+int
+daddch(URLdfa *dfa, char c)
+{
+	/* () and [] can appear in urls, but excluding them here will reduce false
+	 * positives when figuring out where a given url ends.
+	 */
+	static const char URLCHARS[] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
+		"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+		"0123456789-._~:/?#@!$&'*+,;=%";
+	static const char RPFX[] = "//:sptth";
+
+	if (!strchr(URLCHARS, c)) {
+		dfa->length = 0;
+		dfa->state = 0;
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	dfa->length++;
+
+	if (dfa->state == 2 && c == '/') {
+		dfa->state = 0;
+	} else if (dfa->state == 3 && c == 'p') {
+		dfa->state++;
+	} else if (c != RPFX[dfa->state]) {
+		dfa->state = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (dfa->state++ == 7) {
+		dfa->state = 0;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** Select and copy the previous url on screen (do nothing if there's no url).
+*/
+void
+copyurl(const Arg *arg) {
+	int row = 0, /* row of current URL */
+		col = 0, /* column of current URL start */
+		colend = 0, /* column of last occurrence */
+		passes = 0; /* how many rows have been scanned */
+
+	const char *c = NULL,
+		 *match = NULL;
+	URLdfa dfa = { 0 };
+
+	row = (sel.ob.x >= 0 && sel.nb.y > 0) ? sel.nb.y : term.bot;
+	LIMIT(row, term.top, term.bot);
+
+	colend = (sel.ob.x >= 0 && sel.nb.y > 0) ? sel.nb.x : term.col;
+	LIMIT(colend, 0, term.col);
+
+	/*
+	** Scan from (term.row - 1,term.col - 1) to (0,0) and find
+	** next occurrance of a URL
+	*/
+	for (passes = 0; passes < term.row; passes++) {
+		/* Read in each column of every row until
+		** we hit previous occurrence of URL
+		*/
+		for (col = colend; col--;)
+			if (daddch(&dfa, term.line[row][col].u < 128 ? term.line[row][col].u : ' '))
+				break;
+
+		if (col >= 0)
+			break;
+
+		if (--row < 0)
+			row = term.row - 1;
+
+		colend = term.col;
+	}
+
+	if (passes < term.row) {
+		selstart(col, row, 0);
+		selextend((col + dfa.length - 1) % term.col, row + (col + dfa.length - 1) / term.col, SEL_REGULAR, 0);
+		selextend((col + dfa.length - 1) % term.col, row + (col + dfa.length - 1) / term.col, SEL_REGULAR, 1);
+		xsetsel(getsel());
+		xclipcopy();
+	}
+}
+
+void set_notifmode(int type, KeySym ksym) {
+	static char *lib[] = { " MOVE ", " SEL  "};
+	static Glyph *g, *deb, *fin;
+	static int col, bot;
+
+	if ( ksym == -1 ) {
+		free(g);
+		col = term.col, bot = term.bot;
+		g = xmalloc(col * sizeof(Glyph));
+		memcpy(g, term.line[bot], col * sizeof(Glyph));
+
+	}
+	else if ( ksym == -2 )
+		memcpy(term.line[bot], g, col * sizeof(Glyph));
+
+	if ( type < 2 ) {
+		char *z = lib[type];
+		for (deb = &term.line[bot][col - 6], fin = &term.line[bot][col]; deb < fin; z++, deb++)
+			deb->mode = ATTR_REVERSE,
+				deb->u = *z,
+				deb->fg = defaultfg, deb->bg = defaultbg;
+	}
+	else if ( type < 5 )
+		memcpy(term.line[bot], g, col * sizeof(Glyph));
+	else {
+		for (deb = &term.line[bot][0], fin = &term.line[bot][col]; deb < fin; deb++)
+			deb->mode = ATTR_REVERSE,
+				deb->u = ' ',
+				deb->fg = defaultfg, deb->bg = defaultbg;
+		term.line[bot][0].u = ksym;
+	}
+
+	term.dirty[bot] = 1;
+	drawregion(0, bot, col, bot + 1);
+}
+
+void select_or_drawcursor(int selectsearch_mode, int type) {
+	int done = 0;
+
+	if ( selectsearch_mode & 1 ) {
+		selextend(term.c.x, term.c.y, type, done);
+		xsetsel(getsel());
+	}
+	else
+		xdrawcursor(term.c.x, term.c.y, term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x],
+			    term.ocx, term.ocy, term.line[term.ocy][term.ocx],
+				term.line[term.ocy], term.col);
+}
+
+void search(int selectsearch_mode, Rune *target, int ptarget, int incr, int type, TCursor *cu) {
+	Rune *r;
+	int i, bound = (term.col * cu->y + cu->x) * (incr > 0) + incr;
+
+	for (i = term.col * term.c.y + term.c.x + incr; i != bound; i += incr) {
+		for (r = target; r - target < ptarget; r++) {
+			if ( *r == term.line[(i + r - target) / term.col][(i + r - target) % term.col].u ) {
+				if ( r - target == ptarget - 1 )     break;
+			} else {
+				r = NULL;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if ( r != NULL )    break;
+	}
+
+	if ( i != bound ) {
+		term.c.y = i / term.col, term.c.x = i % term.col;
+		select_or_drawcursor(selectsearch_mode, type);
+	}
+}
+
+int trt_kbdselect(KeySym ksym, char *buf, int len) {
+	static TCursor cu;
+	static Rune target[64];
+	static int type = 1, ptarget, in_use;
+	static int sens, quant;
+	static char selectsearch_mode;
+	int i, bound, *xy;
+
+
+	if ( selectsearch_mode & 2 ) {
+		if ( ksym == XK_Return ) {
+			selectsearch_mode ^= 2;
+			set_notifmode(selectsearch_mode, -2);
+			if ( ksym == XK_Escape )    ptarget = 0;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		else if ( ksym == XK_BackSpace ) {
+			if ( !ptarget )     return 0;
+			term.line[term.bot][ptarget--].u = ' ';
+		}
+		else if ( len < 1 ) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+		else if ( ptarget == term.col  || ksym == XK_Escape ) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+		else {
+			utf8decode(buf, &target[ptarget++], len);
+			term.line[term.bot][ptarget].u = target[ptarget - 1];
+		}
+
+		if ( ksym != XK_BackSpace )
+			search(selectsearch_mode, &target[0], ptarget, sens, type, &cu);
+
+		term.dirty[term.bot] = 1;
+		drawregion(0, term.bot, term.col, term.bot + 1);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	switch ( ksym ) {
+	case -1 :
+		in_use = 1;
+		cu.x = term.c.x, cu.y = term.c.y;
+		set_notifmode(0, ksym);
+		return MODE_KBDSELECT;
+	case XK_s :
+		if ( selectsearch_mode & 1 )
+			selclear();
+		else
+			selstart(term.c.x, term.c.y, 0);
+		set_notifmode(selectsearch_mode ^= 1, ksym);
+		break;
+	case XK_t :
+		selextend(term.c.x, term.c.y, type ^= 3, i = 0);  /* 2 fois */
+		selextend(term.c.x, term.c.y, type, i = 0);
+		break;
+	case XK_slash :
+	case XK_KP_Divide :
+	case XK_question :
+		ksym &= XK_question;                /* Divide to slash */
+		sens = (ksym == XK_slash) ? -1 : 1;
+		ptarget = 0;
+		set_notifmode(15, ksym);
+		selectsearch_mode ^= 2;
+		break;
+	case XK_Escape :
+		if ( !in_use )  break;
+		selclear();
+	case XK_Return :
+		set_notifmode(4, ksym);
+		term.c.x = cu.x, term.c.y = cu.y;
+		select_or_drawcursor(selectsearch_mode = 0, type);
+		in_use = quant = 0;
+		return MODE_KBDSELECT;
+	case XK_n :
+	case XK_N :
+		if ( ptarget )
+			search(selectsearch_mode, &target[0], ptarget, (ksym == XK_n) ? -1 : 1, type, &cu);
+		break;
+	case XK_BackSpace :
+		term.c.x = 0;
+		select_or_drawcursor(selectsearch_mode, type);
+		break;
+	case XK_dollar :
+		term.c.x = term.col - 1;
+		select_or_drawcursor(selectsearch_mode, type);
+		break;
+	case XK_Home :
+		term.c.x = 0, term.c.y = 0;
+		select_or_drawcursor(selectsearch_mode, type);
+		break;
+	case XK_End :
+		term.c.x = cu.x, term.c.y = cu.y;
+		select_or_drawcursor(selectsearch_mode, type);
+		break;
+	case XK_Page_Up :
+	case XK_Page_Down :
+		term.c.y = (ksym == XK_Prior ) ? 0 : cu.y;
+		select_or_drawcursor(selectsearch_mode, type);
+		break;
+	case XK_exclam :
+		term.c.x = term.col >> 1;
+		select_or_drawcursor(selectsearch_mode, type);
+		break;
+	case XK_asterisk :
+	case XK_KP_Multiply :
+		term.c.x = term.col >> 1;
+	case XK_underscore :
+		term.c.y = cu.y >> 1;
+		select_or_drawcursor(selectsearch_mode, type);
+		break;
+	default :
+		if ( ksym >= XK_0 && ksym <= XK_9 ) {               /* 0-9 keyboard */
+			quant = (quant * 10) + (ksym ^ XK_0);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		else if ( ksym >= XK_KP_0 && ksym <= XK_KP_9 ) {    /* 0-9 numpad */
+			quant = (quant * 10) + (ksym ^ XK_KP_0);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		else if ( ksym == XK_k || ksym == XK_h )
+			i = ksym & 1;
+		else if ( ksym == XK_l || ksym == XK_j )
+			i = ((ksym & 6) | 4) >> 1;
+		else if ( (XK_Home & ksym) != XK_Home || (i = (ksym ^ XK_Home) - 1) > 3 )
+			break;
+
+		xy = (i & 1) ? &term.c.y : &term.c.x;
+		sens = (i & 2) ? 1 : -1;
+		bound = (i >> 1 ^ 1) ? 0 : (i ^ 3) ? term.col - 1 : term.bot;
+
+		if ( quant == 0 )
+			quant++;
+
+		if ( *xy == bound && ((sens < 0 && bound == 0) || (sens > 0 && bound > 0)) )
+			break;
+
+		*xy += quant * sens;
+		if ( *xy < 0 || ( bound > 0 && *xy > bound) )
+			*xy = bound;
+
+		select_or_drawcursor(selectsearch_mode, type);
+	}
+	quant = 0;
+	return 0;
+}

st.desktop

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+[Desktop Entry]
+Type=Application
+Exec=st
+TryExec=st
+Icon=utilities-terminal
+Terminal=false
+Categories=System;TerminalEmulator;
+
+Name=st
+GenericName=Terminal
+Comment=st is a simple terminal implementation for X
+StartupWMClass=st-256color

st.h

@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@
 #define DIVCEIL(n, d)		(((n) + ((d) - 1)) / (d))
 #define DEFAULT(a, b)		(a) = (a) ? (a) : (b)
 #define LIMIT(x, a, b)		(x) = (x) < (a) ? (a) : (x) > (b) ? (b) : (x)
-#define ATTRCMP(a, b)		((a).mode != (b).mode || (a).fg != (b).fg || \
+#define ATTRCMP(a, b)		(((a).mode & (~ATTR_WRAP)) != ((b).mode & (~ATTR_WRAP)) || \
+			(a).fg != (b).fg || \
 			(a).bg != (b).bg)
 #define TIMEDIFF(t1, t2)	((t1.tv_sec-t2.tv_sec)*1000 + \
 			(t1.tv_nsec-t2.tv_nsec)/1E6)
@@ -81,17 +82,20 @@ void die(const char *, ...);
 void redraw(void);
 void draw(void);
 
+void kscrolldown(const Arg *);
+void kscrollup(const Arg *);
 void printscreen(const Arg *);
 void printsel(const Arg *);
 void sendbreak(const Arg *);
 void toggleprinter(const Arg *);
+void copyurl(const Arg *);
 
 int tattrset(int);
 void tnew(int, int);
 void tresize(int, int);
 void tsetdirtattr(int);
 void ttyhangup(void);
-int ttynew(char *, char *, char *, char **);
+int ttynew(const char *, char *, const char *, char **);
 size_t ttyread(void);
 void ttyresize(int, int);
 void ttywrite(const char *, size_t, int);
@@ -109,7 +113,8 @@ size_t utf8encode(Rune, char *);
 
 void *xmalloc(size_t);
 void *xrealloc(void *, size_t);
-char *xstrdup(char *);
+char *xstrdup(const char *);
+int  trt_kbdselect(KeySym, char *, int);
 
 /* config.h globals */
 extern char *utmp;
@@ -123,3 +128,5 @@ extern char *termname;
 extern unsigned int tabspaces;
 extern unsigned int defaultfg;
 extern unsigned int defaultbg;
+extern unsigned int defaultcs;
+extern float alpha;

win.h

@@ -21,19 +21,24 @@ enum win_mode {
 	MODE_NUMLOCK     = 1 << 17,
 	MODE_MOUSE       = MODE_MOUSEBTN|MODE_MOUSEMOTION|MODE_MOUSEX10\
 	                  |MODE_MOUSEMANY,
+	MODE_KBDSELECT   = 1 << 18,
 };
 
 void xbell(void);
 void xclipcopy(void);
-void xdrawcursor(int, int, Glyph, int, int, Glyph);
+void xdrawcursor(int, int, Glyph, int, int, Glyph, Line, int);
 void xdrawline(Line, int, int, int);
 void xfinishdraw(void);
 void xloadcols(void);
 int xsetcolorname(int, const char *);
+int xgetcolor(int, unsigned char *, unsigned char *, unsigned char *);
+void xseticontitle(char *);
 void xsettitle(char *);
 int xsetcursor(int);
 void xsetmode(int, unsigned int);
 void xsetpointermotion(int);
 void xsetsel(char *);
 int xstartdraw(void);
+void toggle_winmode(int);
+void keyboard_select(const Arg *);
 void xximspot(int, int);

x.c

@@ -14,11 +14,13 @@
 #include <X11/keysym.h>
 #include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
 #include <X11/XKBlib.h>
+#include <X11/Xresource.h>
 
 char *argv0;
 #include "arg.h"
 #include "st.h"
 #include "win.h"
+#include "hb.h"
 
 /* types used in config.h */
 typedef struct {
@@ -45,10 +47,23 @@ typedef struct {
 	signed char appcursor; /* application cursor */
 } Key;
 
+/* Xresources preferences */
+enum resource_type {
+	STRING = 0,
+	INTEGER = 1,
+	FLOAT = 2
+};
+
+typedef struct {
+	char *name;
+	enum resource_type type;
+	void *dst;
+} ResourcePref;
+
 /* X modifiers */
 #define XK_ANY_MOD    UINT_MAX
 #define XK_NO_MOD     0
-#define XK_SWITCH_MOD (1<<13)
+#define XK_SWITCH_MOD (1<<13|1<<14)
 
 /* function definitions used in config.h */
 static void clipcopy(const Arg *);
@@ -81,6 +96,7 @@ typedef XftGlyphFontSpec GlyphFontSpec;
 typedef struct {
 	int tw, th; /* tty width and height */
 	int w, h; /* window width and height */
+	int hborderpx, vborderpx;
 	int ch; /* char height */
 	int cw; /* char width  */
 	int mode; /* window state/mode flags */
@@ -93,7 +109,7 @@ typedef struct {
 	Window win;
 	Drawable buf;
 	GlyphFontSpec *specbuf; /* font spec buffer used for rendering */
-	Atom xembed, wmdeletewin, netwmname, netwmpid;
+	Atom xembed, wmdeletewin, netwmname, netwmiconname, netwmpid;
 	struct {
 		XIM xim;
 		XIC xic;
@@ -105,6 +121,7 @@ typedef struct {
 	XSetWindowAttributes attrs;
 	int scr;
 	int isfixed; /* is fixed geometry? */
+	int depth; /* bit depth */
 	int l, t; /* left and top offset */
 	int gm; /* geometry mask */
 } XWindow;
@@ -141,6 +158,7 @@ typedef struct {
 } DC;
 
 static inline ushort sixd_to_16bit(int);
+static void xresetfontsettings(ushort mode, Font **font, int *frcflags);
 static int xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec *, const Glyph *, int, int, int);
 static void xdrawglyphfontspecs(const XftGlyphFontSpec *, Glyph, int, int, int);
 static void xdrawglyph(Glyph, int, int);
@@ -156,7 +174,7 @@ static void xresize(int, int);
 static void xhints(void);
 static int xloadcolor(int, const char *, Color *);
 static int xloadfont(Font *, FcPattern *);
-static void xloadfonts(char *, double);
+static void xloadfonts(const char *, double);
 static void xunloadfont(Font *);
 static void xunloadfonts(void);
 static void xsetenv(void);
@@ -243,6 +261,7 @@ static char *usedfont = NULL;
 static double usedfontsize = 0;
 static double defaultfontsize = 0;
 
+static char *opt_alpha = NULL;
 static char *opt_class = NULL;
 static char **opt_cmd  = NULL;
 static char *opt_embed = NULL;
@@ -252,7 +271,7 @@ static char *opt_line  = NULL;
 static char *opt_name  = NULL;
 static char *opt_title = NULL;
 
-static int oldbutton = 3; /* button event on startup: 3 = release */
+static uint buttons; /* bit field of pressed buttons */
 
 void
 clipcopy(const Arg *dummy)
@@ -331,7 +350,7 @@ ttysend(const Arg *arg)
 int
 evcol(XEvent *e)
 {
-	int x = e->xbutton.x - borderpx;
+	int x = e->xbutton.x - win.hborderpx;
 	LIMIT(x, 0, win.tw - 1);
 	return x / win.cw;
 }
@@ -339,7 +358,7 @@ evcol(XEvent *e)
 int
 evrow(XEvent *e)
 {
-	int y = e->xbutton.y - borderpx;
+	int y = e->xbutton.y - win.vborderpx;
 	LIMIT(y, 0, win.th - 1);
 	return y / win.ch;
 }
@@ -364,59 +383,68 @@ mousesel(XEvent *e, int done)
 void
 mousereport(XEvent *e)
 {
-	int len, x = evcol(e), y = evrow(e),
-	    button = e->xbutton.button, state = e->xbutton.state;
+	int len, btn, code;
+	int x = evcol(e), y = evrow(e);
+	int state = e->xbutton.state;
 	char buf[40];
 	static int ox, oy;
 
-	/* from urxvt */
-	if (e->xbutton.type == MotionNotify) {
+	if (e->type == MotionNotify) {
 		if (x == ox && y == oy)
 			return;
 		if (!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMOTION) && !IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMANY))
 			return;
-		/* MOUSE_MOTION: no reporting if no button is pressed */
-		if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMOTION) && oldbutton == 3)
+		/* MODE_MOUSEMOTION: no reporting if no button is pressed */
+		if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMOTION) && buttons == 0)
 			return;
-
-		button = oldbutton + 32;
-		ox = x;
-		oy = y;
+		/* Set btn to lowest-numbered pressed button, or 12 if no
+		 * buttons are pressed. */
+		for (btn = 1; btn <= 11 && !(buttons & (1<<(btn-1))); btn++)
+			;
+		code = 32;
 	} else {
-		if (!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSESGR) && e->xbutton.type == ButtonRelease) {
-			button = 3;
-		} else {
-			button -= Button1;
-			if (button >= 3)
-				button += 64 - 3;
-		}
-		if (e->xbutton.type == ButtonPress) {
-			oldbutton = button;
-			ox = x;
-			oy = y;
-		} else if (e->xbutton.type == ButtonRelease) {
-			oldbutton = 3;
+		btn = e->xbutton.button;
+		/* Only buttons 1 through 11 can be encoded */
+		if (btn < 1 || btn > 11)
+			return;
+		if (e->type == ButtonRelease) {
 			/* MODE_MOUSEX10: no button release reporting */
 			if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEX10))
 				return;
-			if (button == 64 || button == 65)
+			/* Don't send release events for the scroll wheel */
+			if (btn == 4 || btn == 5)
 				return;
 		}
+		code = 0;
 	}
 
+	ox = x;
+	oy = y;
+
+	/* Encode btn into code. If no button is pressed for a motion event in
+	 * MODE_MOUSEMANY, then encode it as a release. */
+	if ((!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSESGR) && e->type == ButtonRelease) || btn == 12)
+		code += 3;
+	else if (btn >= 8)
+		code += 128 + btn - 8;
+	else if (btn >= 4)
+		code += 64 + btn - 4;
+	else
+		code += btn - 1;
+
 	if (!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEX10)) {
-		button += ((state & ShiftMask  ) ? 4  : 0)
-			+ ((state & Mod4Mask   ) ? 8  : 0)
+		code += ((state & ShiftMask  ) ?  4 : 0)
+		      + ((state & Mod1Mask   ) ?  8 : 0) /* meta key: alt */
 		      + ((state & ControlMask) ? 16 : 0);
 	}
 
 	if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSESGR)) {
 		len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "\033[<%d;%d;%d%c",
-				button, x+1, y+1,
-				e->xbutton.type == ButtonRelease ? 'm' : 'M');
+				code, x+1, y+1,
+				e->type == ButtonRelease ? 'm' : 'M');
 	} else if (x < 223 && y < 223) {
 		len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "\033[M%c%c%c",
-				32+button, 32+x+1, 32+y+1);
+				32+code, 32+x+1, 32+y+1);
 	} else {
 		return;
 	}
@@ -459,9 +487,13 @@ mouseaction(XEvent *e, uint release)
 void
 bpress(XEvent *e)
 {
+	int btn = e->xbutton.button;
 	struct timespec now;
 	int snap;
 
+	if (1 <= btn && btn <= 11)
+		buttons |= 1 << (btn-1);
+
 	if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE) && !(e->xbutton.state & forcemousemod)) {
 		mousereport(e);
 		return;
@@ -470,7 +502,7 @@ bpress(XEvent *e)
 	if (mouseaction(e, 0))
 		return;
 
-	if (e->xbutton.button == Button1) {
+	if (btn == Button1) {
 		/*
 		 * If the user clicks below predefined timeouts specific
 		 * snapping behaviour is exposed.
@@ -684,6 +716,11 @@ xsetsel(char *str)
 void
 brelease(XEvent *e)
 {
+	int btn = e->xbutton.button;
+
+	if (1 <= btn && btn <= 11)
+		buttons &= ~(1 << (btn-1));
+
 	if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE) && !(e->xbutton.state & forcemousemod)) {
 		mousereport(e);
 		return;
@@ -691,7 +728,7 @@ brelease(XEvent *e)
 
 	if (mouseaction(e, 1))
 		return;
-	if (e->xbutton.button == Button1)
+	if (btn == Button1)
 		mousesel(e, 1);
 }
 
@@ -721,6 +758,9 @@ cresize(int width, int height)
 	col = MAX(1, col);
 	row = MAX(1, row);
 
+	win.hborderpx = (win.w - col * win.cw) / 2;
+	win.vborderpx = (win.h - row * win.ch) / 2;
+
 	tresize(col, row);
 	xresize(col, row);
 	ttyresize(win.tw, win.th);
@@ -734,12 +774,12 @@ xresize(int col, int row)
 
 	XFreePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.buf);
 	xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.win, win.w, win.h,
-			DefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr));
+			xw.depth);
 	XftDrawChange(xw.draw, xw.buf);
 	xclear(0, 0, win.w, win.h);
 
 	/* resize to new width */
-	xw.specbuf = xrealloc(xw.specbuf, col * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec));
+	xw.specbuf = xrealloc(xw.specbuf, col * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec) * 4);
 }
 
 ushort
@@ -794,9 +834,29 @@ xloadcols(void)
 			else
 				die("could not allocate color %d\n", i);
 		}
+
+	/* set alpha value of bg color */
+	if (opt_alpha)
+		alpha = strtof(opt_alpha, NULL);
+	dc.col[defaultbg].color.alpha = (unsigned short)(0xffff * alpha);
+	dc.col[defaultbg].pixel &= 0x00FFFFFF;
+	dc.col[defaultbg].pixel |= (unsigned char)(0xff * alpha) << 24;
 	loaded = 1;
 }
 
+int
+xgetcolor(int x, unsigned char *r, unsigned char *g, unsigned char *b)
+{
+	if (!BETWEEN(x, 0, dc.collen))
+		return 1;
+
+	*r = dc.col[x].color.red >> 8;
+	*g = dc.col[x].color.green >> 8;
+	*b = dc.col[x].color.blue >> 8;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int
 xsetcolorname(int x, const char *name)
 {
@@ -828,8 +888,8 @@ xclear(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
 void
 xhints(void)
 {
-	XClassHint class = {opt_name ? opt_name : termname,
-	                    opt_class ? opt_class : termname};
+	XClassHint class = {opt_name ? opt_name : "st",
+	                    opt_class ? opt_class : "St"};
 	XWMHints wm = {.flags = InputHint, .input = 1};
 	XSizeHints *sizeh;
 
@@ -838,8 +898,8 @@ xhints(void)
 	sizeh->flags = PSize | PResizeInc | PBaseSize | PMinSize;
 	sizeh->height = win.h;
 	sizeh->width = win.w;
-	sizeh->height_inc = win.ch;
-	sizeh->width_inc = win.cw;
+	sizeh->height_inc = 1;
+	sizeh->width_inc = 1;
 	sizeh->base_height = 2 * borderpx;
 	sizeh->base_width = 2 * borderpx;
 	sizeh->min_height = win.ch + 2 * borderpx;
@@ -950,7 +1010,7 @@ xloadfont(Font *f, FcPattern *pattern)
 }
 
 void
-xloadfonts(char *fontstr, double fontsize)
+xloadfonts(const char *fontstr, double fontsize)
 {
 	FcPattern *pattern;
 	double fontval;
@@ -958,7 +1018,7 @@ xloadfonts(char *fontstr, double fontsize)
 	if (fontstr[0] == '-')
 		pattern = XftXlfdParse(fontstr, False, False);
 	else
-		pattern = FcNameParse((FcChar8 *)fontstr);
+		pattern = FcNameParse((const FcChar8 *)fontstr);
 
 	if (!pattern)
 		die("can't open font %s\n", fontstr);
@@ -1031,6 +1091,9 @@ xunloadfont(Font *f)
 void
 xunloadfonts(void)
 {
+	/* Clear Harfbuzz font cache. */
+	hbunloadfonts();
+
 	/* Free the loaded fonts in the font cache.  */
 	while (frclen > 0)
 		XftFontClose(xw.dpy, frc[--frclen].font);
@@ -1103,11 +1166,21 @@ xinit(int cols, int rows)
 	Window parent;
 	pid_t thispid = getpid();
 	XColor xmousefg, xmousebg;
+	XWindowAttributes attr;
+	XVisualInfo vis;
 
-	if (!(xw.dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
-		die("can't open display\n");
 	xw.scr = XDefaultScreen(xw.dpy);
-	xw.vis = XDefaultVisual(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
+
+	if (!(opt_embed && (parent = strtol(opt_embed, NULL, 0)))) {
+		parent = XRootWindow(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
+		xw.depth = 32;
+	} else {
+		XGetWindowAttributes(xw.dpy, parent, &attr);
+		xw.depth = attr.depth;
+	}
+
+	XMatchVisualInfo(xw.dpy, xw.scr, xw.depth, TrueColor, &vis);
+	xw.vis = vis.visual;
 
 	/* font */
 	if (!FcInit())
@@ -1117,12 +1190,12 @@ xinit(int cols, int rows)
 	xloadfonts(usedfont, 0);
 
 	/* colors */
-	xw.cmap = XDefaultColormap(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
+	xw.cmap = XCreateColormap(xw.dpy, parent, xw.vis, None);
 	xloadcols();
 
 	/* adjust fixed window geometry */
-	win.w = 2 * borderpx + cols * win.cw;
-	win.h = 2 * borderpx + rows * win.ch;
+	win.w = 2 * win.hborderpx + 2 * borderpx + cols * win.cw;
+	win.h = 2 * win.vborderpx + 2 * borderpx + rows * win.ch;
 	if (xw.gm & XNegative)
 		xw.l += DisplayWidth(xw.dpy, xw.scr) - win.w - 2;
 	if (xw.gm & YNegative)
@@ -1137,24 +1210,20 @@ xinit(int cols, int rows)
 		| ButtonMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask;
 	xw.attrs.colormap = xw.cmap;
 
-	if (!(opt_embed && (parent = strtol(opt_embed, NULL, 0))))
-		parent = XRootWindow(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
 	xw.win = XCreateWindow(xw.dpy, parent, xw.l, xw.t,
-			win.w, win.h, 0, XDefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr), InputOutput,
+			win.w, win.h, 0, xw.depth, InputOutput,
 			xw.vis, CWBackPixel | CWBorderPixel | CWBitGravity
 			| CWEventMask | CWColormap, &xw.attrs);
 
 	memset(&gcvalues, 0, sizeof(gcvalues));
 	gcvalues.graphics_exposures = False;
-	dc.gc = XCreateGC(xw.dpy, parent, GCGraphicsExposures,
-			&gcvalues);
-	xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.win, win.w, win.h,
-			DefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr));
+	xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.win, win.w, win.h, xw.depth);
+	dc.gc = XCreateGC(xw.dpy, xw.buf, GCGraphicsExposures, &gcvalues);
 	XSetForeground(xw.dpy, dc.gc, dc.col[defaultbg].pixel);
 	XFillRectangle(xw.dpy, xw.buf, dc.gc, 0, 0, win.w, win.h);
 
 	/* font spec buffer */
-	xw.specbuf = xmalloc(cols * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec));
+	xw.specbuf = xmalloc(cols * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec) * 4);
 
 	/* Xft rendering context */
 	xw.draw = XftDrawCreate(xw.dpy, xw.buf, xw.vis, xw.cmap);
@@ -1186,6 +1255,7 @@ xinit(int cols, int rows)
 	xw.xembed = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_XEMBED", False);
 	xw.wmdeletewin = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
 	xw.netwmname = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
+	xw.netwmiconname = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_NET_WM_ICON_NAME", False);
 	XSetWMProtocols(xw.dpy, xw.win, &xw.wmdeletewin, 1);
 
 	xw.netwmpid = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_NET_WM_PID", False);
@@ -1207,10 +1277,26 @@ xinit(int cols, int rows)
 		xsel.xtarget = XA_STRING;
 }
 
+void
+xresetfontsettings(ushort mode, Font **font, int *frcflags)
+{
+	*font = &dc.font;
+	if ((mode & ATTR_ITALIC) && (mode & ATTR_BOLD)) {
+		*font = &dc.ibfont;
+		*frcflags = FRC_ITALICBOLD;
+	} else if (mode & ATTR_ITALIC) {
+		*font = &dc.ifont;
+		*frcflags = FRC_ITALIC;
+	} else if (mode & ATTR_BOLD) {
+		*font = &dc.bfont;
+		*frcflags = FRC_BOLD;
+	}
+}
+
 int
 xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec *specs, const Glyph *glyphs, int len, int x, int y)
 {
-	float winx = borderpx + x * win.cw, winy = borderpx + y * win.ch, xp, yp;
+	float winx = win.hborderpx + x * win.cw, winy = win.vborderpx + y * win.ch, xp, yp;
 	ushort mode, prevmode = USHRT_MAX;
 	Font *font = &dc.font;
 	int frcflags = FRC_NORMAL;
@@ -1221,49 +1307,65 @@ xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec *specs, const Glyph *glyphs, int len, int x
 	FcPattern *fcpattern, *fontpattern;
 	FcFontSet *fcsets[] = { NULL };
 	FcCharSet *fccharset;
-	int i, f, numspecs = 0;
+	int i, f, length = 0, start = 0, numspecs = 0;
+  float cluster_xp = xp, cluster_yp = yp;
+	HbTransformData shaped = { 0 };
+
+	/* Initial values. */
+	mode = prevmode = glyphs[0].mode;
+	xresetfontsettings(mode, &font, &frcflags);
 
 	for (i = 0, xp = winx, yp = winy + font->ascent; i < len; ++i) {
-		/* Fetch rune and mode for current glyph. */
-		rune = glyphs[i].u;
 		mode = glyphs[i].mode;
 
 		/* Skip dummy wide-character spacing. */
-		if (mode == ATTR_WDUMMY)
+		if (mode & ATTR_WDUMMY && i < (len - 1))
 			continue;
 
-		/* Determine font for glyph if different from previous glyph. */
-		if (prevmode != mode) {
-			prevmode = mode;
-			font = &dc.font;
-			frcflags = FRC_NORMAL;
-			runewidth = win.cw * ((mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2.0f : 1.0f);
-			if ((mode & ATTR_ITALIC) && (mode & ATTR_BOLD)) {
-				font = &dc.ibfont;
-				frcflags = FRC_ITALICBOLD;
-			} else if (mode & ATTR_ITALIC) {
-				font = &dc.ifont;
-				frcflags = FRC_ITALIC;
-			} else if (mode & ATTR_BOLD) {
-				font = &dc.bfont;
-				frcflags = FRC_BOLD;
-			}
-			yp = winy + font->ascent;
+		if (
+			prevmode != mode
+			|| ATTRCMP(glyphs[start], glyphs[i])
+			|| selected(x + i, y) != selected(x + start, y)
+			|| i == (len - 1)
+		) {
+			/* Handle 1-character wide segments and end of line */
+			length = i - start;
+			if (i == start) {
+				length = 1;
+			} else if (i == (len - 1)) {
+				length = (i - start + 1);
 			}
 
-		/* Lookup character index with default font. */
-		glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, font->match, rune);
-		if (glyphidx) {
-			specs[numspecs].font = font->match;
-			specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
-			specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
-			specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
+			/* Shape the segment. */
+			hbtransform(&shaped, font->match, glyphs, start, length);
+			runewidth = win.cw * ((glyphs[start].mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2.0f : 1.0f);
+			cluster_xp = xp; cluster_yp = yp;
+			for (int code_idx = 0; code_idx < shaped.count; code_idx++) {
+				int idx = shaped.glyphs[code_idx].cluster;
+
+				if (glyphs[start + idx].mode & ATTR_WDUMMY)
+					continue;
+
+				/* Advance the drawing cursor if we've moved to a new cluster */
+				if (code_idx > 0 && idx != shaped.glyphs[code_idx - 1].cluster) {
 					xp += runewidth;
-			numspecs++;
-			continue;
+					cluster_xp = xp;
+					cluster_yp = yp;
+					runewidth = win.cw * ((glyphs[start + idx].mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2.0f : 1.0f);
 				}
 
-		/* Fallback on font cache, search the font cache for match. */
+				if (shaped.glyphs[code_idx].codepoint != 0) {
+					/* If symbol is found, put it into the specs. */
+					specs[numspecs].font = font->match;
+					specs[numspecs].glyph = shaped.glyphs[code_idx].codepoint;
+					specs[numspecs].x = cluster_xp + (short)(shaped.positions[code_idx].x_offset / 64.);
+					specs[numspecs].y = cluster_yp - (short)(shaped.positions[code_idx].y_offset / 64.);
+					cluster_xp += shaped.positions[code_idx].x_advance / 64.;
+					cluster_yp += shaped.positions[code_idx].y_advance / 64.;
+					numspecs++;
+				} else {
+					/* If it's not found, try to fetch it through the font cache. */
+					rune = glyphs[start + idx].u;
 					for (f = 0; f < frclen; f++) {
 						glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[f].font, rune);
 						/* Everything correct. */
@@ -1332,9 +1434,22 @@ xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec *specs, const Glyph *glyphs, int len, int x
 					specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
 					specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
 					specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
-		xp += runewidth;
 					numspecs++;
 				}
+			}
+
+			/* Cleanup and get ready for next segment. */
+			hbcleanup(&shaped);
+			start = i;
+
+			/* Determine font for glyph if different from previous glyph. */
+			if (prevmode != mode) {
+				prevmode = mode;
+				xresetfontsettings(mode, &font, &frcflags);
+				yp = winy + font->ascent;
+			}
+		}
+	}
 
 	return numspecs;
 }
@@ -1343,7 +1458,7 @@ void
 xdrawglyphfontspecs(const XftGlyphFontSpec *specs, Glyph base, int len, int x, int y)
 {
 	int charlen = len * ((base.mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2 : 1);
-	int winx = borderpx + x * win.cw, winy = borderpx + y * win.ch,
+	int winx = win.hborderpx + x * win.cw, winy = win.vborderpx + y * win.ch,
 	    width = charlen * win.cw;
 	Color *fg, *bg, *temp, revfg, revbg, truefg, truebg;
 	XRenderColor colfg, colbg;
@@ -1433,17 +1548,17 @@ xdrawglyphfontspecs(const XftGlyphFontSpec *specs, Glyph base, int len, int x, i
 
 	/* Intelligent cleaning up of the borders. */
 	if (x == 0) {
-		xclear(0, (y == 0)? 0 : winy, borderpx,
+		xclear(0, (y == 0)? 0 : winy, win.hborderpx,
 			winy + win.ch +
-			((winy + win.ch >= borderpx + win.th)? win.h : 0));
+			((winy + win.ch >= win.vborderpx + win.th)? win.h : 0));
 	}
-	if (winx + width >= borderpx + win.tw) {
+	if (winx + width >= win.hborderpx + win.tw) {
 		xclear(winx + width, (y == 0)? 0 : winy, win.w,
-			((winy + win.ch >= borderpx + win.th)? win.h : (winy + win.ch)));
+			((winy + win.ch >= win.vborderpx + win.th)? win.h : (winy + win.ch)));
 	}
 	if (y == 0)
-		xclear(winx, 0, winx + width, borderpx);
-	if (winy + win.ch >= borderpx + win.th)
+		xclear(winx, 0, winx + width, win.vborderpx);
+	if (winy + win.ch >= win.vborderpx + win.th)
 		xclear(winx, winy + win.ch, winx + width, win.h);
 
 	/* Clean up the region we want to draw to. */
@@ -1461,12 +1576,12 @@ xdrawglyphfontspecs(const XftGlyphFontSpec *specs, Glyph base, int len, int x, i
 
 	/* Render underline and strikethrough. */
 	if (base.mode & ATTR_UNDERLINE) {
-		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, fg, winx, winy + dc.font.ascent + 1,
+		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, fg, winx, winy + dc.font.ascent * chscale + 1,
 				width, 1);
 	}
 
 	if (base.mode & ATTR_STRUCK) {
-		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, fg, winx, winy + 2 * dc.font.ascent / 3,
+		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, fg, winx, winy + 2 * dc.font.ascent * chscale / 3,
 				width, 1);
 	}
 
@@ -1485,14 +1600,18 @@ xdrawglyph(Glyph g, int x, int y)
 }
 
 void
-xdrawcursor(int cx, int cy, Glyph g, int ox, int oy, Glyph og)
+xdrawcursor(int cx, int cy, Glyph g, int ox, int oy, Glyph og, Line line, int len)
 {
 	Color drawcol;
+	XRenderColor colbg;
 
 	/* remove the old cursor */
 	if (selected(ox, oy))
 		og.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
-	xdrawglyph(og, ox, oy);
+
+	/* Redraw the line where cursor was previously.
+	 * It will restore the ligatures broken by the cursor. */
+	xdrawline(line, 0, oy, len);
 
 	if (IS_SET(MODE_HIDE))
 		return;
@@ -1517,11 +1636,25 @@ xdrawcursor(int cx, int cy, Glyph g, int ox, int oy, Glyph og)
 			g.fg = defaultfg;
 			g.bg = defaultrcs;
 		} else {
+			/** this is the main part of the dynamic cursor color patch */
+			g.bg = g.fg;
 			g.fg = defaultbg;
-			g.bg = defaultcs;
 		}
+
+		/**
+		 * and this is the second part of the dynamic cursor color patch.
+		 * it handles the `drawcol` variable
+		*/
+		if (IS_TRUECOL(g.bg)) {
+			colbg.alpha = 0xffff;
+			colbg.red = TRUERED(g.bg);
+			colbg.green = TRUEGREEN(g.bg);
+			colbg.blue = TRUEBLUE(g.bg);
+			XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colbg, &drawcol);
+		} else {
 			drawcol = dc.col[g.bg];
 		}
+	}
 
 	/* draw the new one */
 	if (IS_SET(MODE_FOCUSED)) {
@@ -1537,35 +1670,35 @@ xdrawcursor(int cx, int cy, Glyph g, int ox, int oy, Glyph og)
 		case 3: /* Blinking Underline */
 		case 4: /* Steady Underline */
 			XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol,
-					borderpx + cx * win.cw,
-					borderpx + (cy + 1) * win.ch - \
+					win.hborderpx + cx * win.cw,
+					win.vborderpx + (cy + 1) * win.ch - \
 						cursorthickness,
 					win.cw, cursorthickness);
 			break;
 		case 5: /* Blinking bar */
 		case 6: /* Steady bar */
 			XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol,
-					borderpx + cx * win.cw,
-					borderpx + cy * win.ch,
+					win.hborderpx + cx * win.cw,
+					win.vborderpx + cy * win.ch,
 					cursorthickness, win.ch);
 			break;
 		}
 	} else {
 		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol,
-				borderpx + cx * win.cw,
-				borderpx + cy * win.ch,
+				win.hborderpx + cx * win.cw,
+				win.vborderpx + cy * win.ch,
 				win.cw - 1, 1);
 		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol,
-				borderpx + cx * win.cw,
-				borderpx + cy * win.ch,
+				win.hborderpx + cx * win.cw,
+				win.vborderpx + cy * win.ch,
 				1, win.ch - 1);
 		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol,
-				borderpx + (cx + 1) * win.cw - 1,
-				borderpx + cy * win.ch,
+				win.hborderpx + (cx + 1) * win.cw - 1,
+				win.vborderpx + cy * win.ch,
 				1, win.ch - 1);
 		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol,
-				borderpx + cx * win.cw,
-				borderpx + (cy + 1) * win.ch - 1,
+				win.hborderpx + cx * win.cw,
+				win.vborderpx + (cy + 1) * win.ch - 1,
 				win.cw, 1);
 	}
 }
@@ -1579,14 +1712,29 @@ xsetenv(void)
 	setenv("WINDOWID", buf, 1);
 }
 
+void
+xseticontitle(char *p)
+{
+	XTextProperty prop;
+	DEFAULT(p, opt_title);
+
+	if (Xutf8TextListToTextProperty(xw.dpy, &p, 1, XUTF8StringStyle,
+	                                &prop) != Success)
+		return;
+	XSetWMIconName(xw.dpy, xw.win, &prop);
+	XSetTextProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, &prop, xw.netwmiconname);
+	XFree(prop.value);
+}
+
 void
 xsettitle(char *p)
 {
 	XTextProperty prop;
 	DEFAULT(p, opt_title);
 
-	Xutf8TextListToTextProperty(xw.dpy, &p, 1, XUTF8StringStyle,
-			&prop);
+	if (Xutf8TextListToTextProperty(xw.dpy, &p, 1, XUTF8StringStyle,
+	                                &prop) != Success)
+		return;
 	XSetWMName(xw.dpy, xw.win, &prop);
 	XSetTextProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, &prop, xw.netwmname);
 	XFree(prop.value);
@@ -1605,18 +1753,16 @@ xdrawline(Line line, int x1, int y1, int x2)
 	Glyph base, new;
 	XftGlyphFontSpec *specs = xw.specbuf;
 
-	numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(specs, &line[x1], x2 - x1, x1, y1);
 	i = ox = 0;
-	for (x = x1; x < x2 && i < numspecs; x++) {
+	for (x = x1; x < x2; x++) {
 		new = line[x];
 		if (new.mode == ATTR_WDUMMY)
 			continue;
 		if (selected(x, y1))
 			new.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
-		if (i > 0 && ATTRCMP(base, new)) {
-			xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, i, ox, y1);
-			specs += i;
-			numspecs -= i;
+		if ((i > 0) && ATTRCMP(base, new)) {
+			numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(specs, &line[ox], x - ox, ox, y1);
+			xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, numspecs, ox, y1);
 			i = 0;
 		}
 		if (i == 0) {
@@ -1625,8 +1771,10 @@ xdrawline(Line line, int x1, int y1, int x2)
 		}
 		i++;
 	}
-	if (i > 0)
-		xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, i, ox, y1);
+	if (i > 0) {
+		numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(specs, &line[ox], x2 - ox, ox, y1);
+		xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, numspecs, ox, y1);
+	}
 }
 
 void
@@ -1786,7 +1934,7 @@ void
 kpress(XEvent *ev)
 {
 	XKeyEvent *e = &ev->xkey;
-	KeySym ksym;
+	KeySym ksym = NoSymbol;
 	char buf[64], *customkey;
 	int len;
 	Rune c;
@@ -1796,10 +1944,19 @@ kpress(XEvent *ev)
 	if (IS_SET(MODE_KBDLOCK))
 		return;
 
-	if (xw.ime.xic)
+	if (xw.ime.xic) {
 		len = XmbLookupString(xw.ime.xic, e, buf, sizeof buf, &ksym, &status);
-	else
+		if (status == XBufferOverflow)
+			return;
+	} else {
 		len = XLookupString(e, buf, sizeof buf, &ksym, NULL);
+	}
+	if ( IS_SET(MODE_KBDSELECT) ) {
+		if ( match(XK_NO_MOD, e->state) ||
+			 (XK_Shift_L | XK_Shift_R) & e->state )
+			win.mode ^= trt_kbdselect(ksym, buf, len);
+		return;
+	}
 	/* 1. shortcuts */
 	for (bp = shortcuts; bp < shortcuts + LEN(shortcuts); bp++) {
 		if (ksym == bp->keysym && match(bp->mod, e->state)) {
@@ -1964,6 +2121,59 @@ run(void)
 	}
 }
 
+int
+resource_load(XrmDatabase db, char *name, enum resource_type rtype, void *dst)
+{
+	char **sdst = dst;
+	int *idst = dst;
+	float *fdst = dst;
+
+	char fullname[256];
+	char fullclass[256];
+	char *type;
+	XrmValue ret;
+
+	snprintf(fullname, sizeof(fullname), "%s.%s",
+			opt_name ? opt_name : "st", name);
+	snprintf(fullclass, sizeof(fullclass), "%s.%s",
+			opt_class ? opt_class : "St", name);
+	fullname[sizeof(fullname) - 1] = fullclass[sizeof(fullclass) - 1] = '\0';
+
+	XrmGetResource(db, fullname, fullclass, &type, &ret);
+	if (ret.addr == NULL || strncmp("String", type, 64))
+		return 1;
+
+	switch (rtype) {
+	case STRING:
+		*sdst = ret.addr;
+		break;
+	case INTEGER:
+		*idst = strtoul(ret.addr, NULL, 10);
+		break;
+	case FLOAT:
+		*fdst = strtof(ret.addr, NULL);
+		break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void
+config_init(void)
+{
+	char *resm;
+	XrmDatabase db;
+	ResourcePref *p;
+
+	XrmInitialize();
+	resm = XResourceManagerString(xw.dpy);
+	if (!resm)
+		return;
+
+	db = XrmGetStringDatabase(resm);
+	for (p = resources; p < resources + LEN(resources); p++)
+		resource_load(db, p->name, p->type, p->dst);
+}
+
 void
 usage(void)
 {
@@ -1977,6 +2187,14 @@ usage(void)
 	    " [stty_args ...]\n", argv0, argv0);
 }
 
+void toggle_winmode(int flag) {
+	win.mode ^= flag;
+}
+
+void keyboard_select(const Arg *dummy) {
+	win.mode ^= trt_kbdselect(-1, NULL, 0);
+}
+
 int
 main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
@@ -1988,6 +2206,9 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	case 'a':
 		allowaltscreen = 0;
 		break;
+	case 'A':
+		opt_alpha = EARGF(usage());
+		break;
 	case 'c':
 		opt_class = EARGF(usage());
 		break;
@@ -2037,6 +2258,11 @@ run:
 
 	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
 	XSetLocaleModifiers("");
+
+	if(!(xw.dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
+		die("Can't open display\n");
+
+	config_init();
 	cols = MAX(cols, 1);
 	rows = MAX(rows, 1);
 	tnew(cols, rows);